Friday, May 31, 2019

Aeneid :: essays research papers

The Greek and Roman spirit influenced the book Aeneid in many ways. Virgil made Aeneas behavior such that he was fully qualified to be called a Roman hero. Aeneas reflected very few Greek traits. He was very much the "Roman hero."Greek heroes were very different from Roman heroes. Will Durant, author of Caesar and messiah says, "It (the Aeneid) would also show the role of Roman character in these achievements and seek to make ancient virtues popular, it would picture its hero as reverent of the gods and guided by them and would fall in as Augusta reformation of morals and faith" (239).Greek heroes were well rounded. Greeks would study music, dancing, rhetoric, philosophy, mathematics, physical training, and military science. Studying rhetoric, philosophy, and mathematics made Greeks more(prenominal) useful citizens. The Greeks two main beliefs were know thyself, and zero in excess. Greeks strove for arete. According to Hastings "arete is excellence". Roman heroes were considered great because of their achievements on the battle field. Even though the Roman and Greek minds are greatly different they have a few similarities. Both the Romans and Greeks had 1polis. They did, however, have different translations of home. The one thing remains continuous is that they would both risk their lives to reach home. Aeneas had to risk his life to journey from Troy to reach Italy where Rome was established. To the Romans, the state had to be placed above ones needs. The Greek definition of home is more family. Both the Roman and the Greeks respected and feared their gods. Aeneas had gods helping and hindering him. The goddess Juno was Aeneas enemy. Juno often interfered with Aeneas life. Juno tried to prevent Aeneas from reaching his goal. Aeneas goal was to establish Rome. The Greeks believed that anything that was pointless was akin punishment. Like the Greeks, the Romans could see little sense in doing something that had no definite conclusi on.As said before, Greeks had a strong dedication to their city-state. Aeneas had to reach Italy where Rome was established. Greeks believed in nothing in excess. This is shown in the Aeneid when Aeneas and his crew landed on the island, they found a Greek who was accidentally left behind. Instead of killing him, Aeneas treated him fairly. Aeneas showed self-control.Romans preferred war. It was in their nature to fight. They were raised to battle. Romans were not well rounded, their main or only study growing up was physical training and military science.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Mc Donald’s Customer Service Essay -- Business Management Assignment E

McDonalds node ServiceINTRODUCTIONTo complete this denomination I slang to look into node return bywriting a report on a chosen communication channel. The business I have chosen forthis is Mc Donalds.In 1974, McDonalds opened its first restaurant in the UK. Today, morethan 2.7 million people in this country place their trust inMcDonalds every day - trust the Company to provide them with foodof a high standard, quick service and value for m wizardy.Customer service is very measurable to the McDonalds because it saysthat they care about their nodes. Customer service very importantand vital part of any organisation, which is selling goods, or servicebecause it exists to satisfy customers... Good customer service entrust start you new and keep old customers but if you have bad customerservice this go forth make customers unhappy and they will stop visitingyou and the business will not have new customers.McDonalds operates in a very competitive market. It generally keepsits pri ces within a harmonious range to its competition. WhatMcDonalds can do to is to makes its self-different from itscompetitors (in a better way) is to exceed customer service. Thecustomer service and food preparation areas contain original equipmentused in the days when fresh potatoes were peeled, sliced, color andfried milkshake mix and syrup were whipped up on the Multi-mixersCoca-Cola and root beer were drawn from a barrel, and orangeade fromthe orange bowl.The company utilise just under 49 000 people and over 19 000 morewere employed by the McDonalds franchise. (I copied this informationfrom McDonalds fact file 2001). By the end of 2000 in that respect was 1, 232McDonalds restaurants operating in UK... ...very standardized pizza shops this will benefit both consumer and the business people will buy more and business will rack up more revenue.* They should have one of those club card this will also benefit both consumers will be getting discount and business will get re peated business. general I think that their customer service in head office is verygood.On the January16th 2002 I phoned the customer service and requested a school-age child pack next day I received it. But when I phoned Ford I had towait over a week and this showed me how good the customer service inMcDonalds is.BibliographyAVCE Business Studies Customer service book from college library.http//www.mcdonalds.co.uk/McDonalds student pack 2001 UK head office of McDonalds The corporate personal business department.McDonalds restaurant limitWebsite www. McDonalds.co.uk Mc Donalds Customer Service Essay -- Business Management Assignment EMcDonalds Customer ServiceINTRODUCTIONTo complete this assignment I have to investigate customer service bywriting a report on a chosen business. The business I have chosen forthis is Mc Donalds.In 1974, McDonalds opened its first restaurant in the UK. Today, morethan 2.7 million people in this country place their trust inMcDonalds e very day - trusting the Company to provide them with foodof a high standard, quick service and value for money.Customer service is very important to the McDonalds because it saysthat they care about their customers. Customer service very importantand vital part of any organisation, which is selling goods, or servicebecause it exists to satisfy customers... Good customer service willbring you new and keep old customers but if you have bad customerservice this will make customers unhappy and they will stop visitingyou and the business will not have new customers.McDonalds operates in a very competitive market. It generally keepsits prices within a compatible range to its competition. WhatMcDonalds can do to is to makes its self-different from itscompetitors (in a better way) is to exceed customer service. Thecustomer service and food preparation areas contain original equipmentused in the days when fresh potatoes were peeled, sliced, blanched andfried milkshake mix and syrup were whip ped up on the Multi-mixersCoca-Cola and root beer were drawn from a barrel, and orangeade fromthe orange bowl.The company employed just under 49 000 people and over 19 000 morewere employed by the McDonalds franchise. (I copied this informationfrom McDonalds fact file 2001). By the end of 2000 there was 1, 232McDonalds restaurants operating in UK... ...very like pizza shops this will benefit both consumer and the business people will buy more and business will gain more revenue.* They should have one of those club card this will also benefit both consumers will be getting discount and business will get repeated business.Overall I think that their customer service in head office is verygood.On the January16th 2002 I phoned the customer service and requested astudent pack next day I received it. But when I phoned Ford I had towait over a week and this showed me how good the customer service inMcDonalds is.BibliographyAVCE Business Studies Customer service book from college libra ry.http//www.mcdonalds.co.uk/McDonalds student pack 2001 UK head office of McDonalds The corporate affairs department.McDonalds restaurant limitedWebsite www. McDonalds.co.uk

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

mathew shepard :: essays research papers

I think that Mathew Shepard was a true person. That stupid church guy that said gays are evil, Matts in hell, and stuff like that are the evil people. Its not evil to be gay. wholly that stuff religious people say about gays is nothing that really is true. The religious people take in everything that the rule book says about everything so hard. The bible wasnt even written by god.The people that beat Matthew up were just raised to hate gays. Its not right to kill a gay person for hitting on you, and thats not even what it sounded like. Sounds like there were just being stupid. They sounded like they were just doing it for fast bullion or something. Knowing that someone would do such a thing isnt that great. It feels like this world is full of hate. Bin Ladin, the Matthew Shepard thing, and the list goes on. The real designer I think stuff like this goes on is because people arent raised right and the parents expose the bad stuff, and thats why a atomic reactor of people kill. Thats what I think caused Matthew Shepards death. The parents were not very good if the kids took drugs and killed and beat people up.The aids thing didnt surprise me. alone my life Ive been t honest-to-goodness from various places that 1 in 5 gay men have aids. First I heard about it in shallow in sixth grad I think. Then I hear it on the radio. Then I hear it on the TV.Matthew Shepard seemed like a good person. Doesnt have bad habits as far as I saw. The incident made me think of how people use the word gay or fag. I have used those words a lot. I used them in the sense of stupid and ahole. When I was mad thats what I would say. You jackpott help saying it. You hear it all the time. I never used it to offend a gay person. I heard at my old school millions of times. I dont think Ill use that word any more.

Essay --

The task of defining what a religion is, is certainly not an easy task. For countless millennia human existence has worshipped a pantheon of deities whether that is the Sun as seen within ancient Aztec culture or whether that is the God of the Hebrews. Therefore a definition of what is Religion must be accessible and far encompassing as it seems it must address a myriad of beliefs which differ in scope. The three definitions I have chosen in order to analyse focus primarily on the disposition of the Belief within a religion. For example Marx saw Religion as a nitty-gritty of enslavement in order to maintain the status quo through the im realmiality of an ideology which maintained absolute equilibrium leading to stagnation and thus a lack of change. Thus the belief in a religion is simply the reaction of the oppressed to offer them a shade of comfort in a heartless world. Tylor focused upon the notion of belief as defining religion, in that Religion itself is formulated by primiti ve man explaining what he did not get a line by giving all things Animas to explain what they could not understand. He claims belief in spiritual beings to be Animism and that mankind has carried the resultant ignorance. Feuerbachs definition is certainly thought-provoking as his definition of God being a construct of Man, rather than traditional vice versa. Feuerbach as with Tylor and Marx, focus on the nature of belief within religion, I have chosen this as I would prefer to focus upon the belief of religion, rather than the practice due in part to Freuds insistence the practice of religion is a neurosis which has spread through the generations, and also as I would prefer to be able to make up comparisons between the three definitions with the nature of belief being a funda... ... primitive man could not understand, and as such are of the result of the ignorance of early society. Tylor wherefore argues that the idea of a belief in a God or Gods is the result of the survival Re ligion surviving, Tylor claims that Religious survival is due to some being guilty of limiting and relying on an outdated custom whilst science can explain away such phenomena away. This explanation is difficult to categorise, as it is certainly a sociological explanation, as well being anthropological and psychological. Studies analysed by Keleman have identified that children seem to identify some objects in a similar order of Tylors animism in that things are given morality positive or negative based on the likelihood of causing harm to the child. This could be render supporting Tylors argument that through knowledge such things become more than good or bad.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

ICT Systems and Business :: ICT Essays

ICT Systems and BusinessUse of computers has brought profound change to business. Theelectronic office is an obvious example. In this, every desk in abusiness is presumable to bring a computer. The computers will be networkedand have communications facilities.The work done in offices is usually* receipt,* processing,* storage,* despatchComputers and ICT systems can do these things more expeditiously and windy than manual systems.Businesses now advertise FAX numbers and e-mail addresses prominently.This affects the number of letters sent by post scarcely FAX and emailcannot all replace the postal service as original, hard-copyletters are still needed for legal reasons.Products can be ordered on-line via the cyberspace and to the highest degree businessesnow have their own website. Electronic Data Interchange is used tosend orders, pay invoices and transfer information generally.Employees are paid utilise electronic funds transfer.ICT AND MANUFACTURINGMany industries now use Com puter-Aided Manufacture (CAM), eg. cars aremanufactured by robot welders and paint sprayers, Benettonmanufactures clothes more quickly using CAD-CAM.The theatrical role of computer-manufactured articles is more consistent andbetter, leading to greater productivity and reliability. Workingconditions are often cleaner and safer. There may be shorter workinghours but this could baseborn more reduncancies or redeployment. Skilledworkers have seen their skills made redundant by CAM.Companies must modernise to remain competative and viable ifnon-viable then there may be even more job losses.Use of computers has created a range of new jobs* hardware manufacture,* sales,* servicing,* technical support (call centres)* consultancy.New products manufactured due to computers* lively telephones,* CDs and DVDs* videos* planet receivers,* video cameras,* digital camerasICT AND COMMERCEThe number of banking transactions is now so huge they could not becarried out without computers* electronic transfer of funds,* elctronic payroll department* asynchronous transfer mode transactions,* credit/debit card transactions* home banking.There is a movement towards the cashless society.Our obtain habits have changed due to ICT* digital TV shopping channels,* lucre shopping.Supermarkets offer loyalty tease to encourage customers to shop attheir stores. All records are stored on computer and the store cangain recyclable demographic information. Computerised stock control usingbarcodes is used by many shops. Supermarkets have grown bigger at theexpense of the corner shop.The use of phone cards has resulted in less theft from call boxes.Internet shopping is increasing and lead to the growth of internetonly companies, eg. ebay.com, and internet only banks, eg. cahoot. protection is a problem for companies and the system is open to creditcard fraud especially for services, eg. payment for asubscription-only service. Internet shopping has lead to companiesclosing their sell outlet s and sequent loss of jobs, eg.ICT Systems and Business ICT EssaysICT Systems and BusinessUse of computers has brought profound change to business. Theelectronic office is an obvious example. In this, every desk in abusiness is likely to have a computer. The computers will be networkedand have communications facilities.The work done in offices is usually* receipt,* processing,* storage,* despatchComputers and ICT systems can do these things more efficiently andfaster than manual systems.Businesses now advertise FAX numbers and email addresses prominently.This affects the number of letters sent by post but FAX and emailcannot completely replace the postal service as original, hard-copyletters are still needed for legal reasons.Products can be ordered on-line via the internet and most businessesnow have their own website. Electronic Data Interchange is used tosend orders, pay invoices and transfer information generally.Employees are paid using electronic funds transfer.ICT AND MANU FACTURINGMany industries now use Computer-Aided Manufacture (CAM), eg. cars aremanufactured by robot welders and paint sprayers, Benettonmanufactures clothes more quickly using CAD-CAM.The quality of computer-manufactured articles is more consistent andbetter, leading to greater productivity and reliability. Workingconditions are often cleaner and safer. There may be shorter workinghours but this could mean more reduncancies or redeployment. Skilledworkers have seen their skills made redundant by CAM.Companies must modernise to remain competative and viable ifnon-viable then there may be even more job losses.Use of computers has created a range of new jobs* hardware manufacture,* sales,* servicing,* technical support (call centres)* consultancy.New products manufactured due to computers* mobile phones,* CDs and DVDs* videos* satellite receivers,* video cameras,* digital camerasICT AND COMMERCEThe number of banking transactions is now so huge they could not becarried out without comp uters* electronic transfer of funds,* elctronic payroll* ATM transactions,* credit/debit card transactions* home banking.There is a movement towards the cashless society.Our shopping habits have changed due to ICT* digital TV shopping channels,* internet shopping.Supermarkets offer loyalty cards to encourage customers to shop attheir stores. All records are stored on computer and the store cangain useful demographic information. Computerised stock control usingbarcodes is used by many shops. Supermarkets have grown bigger at theexpense of the corner shop.The use of phone cards has resulted in less theft from call boxes.Internet shopping is increasing and lead to the growth of internetonly companies, eg. ebay.com, and internet only banks, eg. cahoot.Security is a problem for companies and the system is open to creditcard fraud especially for services, eg. payment for asubscription-only service. Internet shopping has lead to companiesclosing their retail outlets and consequent loss of jobs, eg.

ICT Systems and Business :: ICT Essays

ICT Systems and BusinessUse of information processing systems has brought profound change to business. Theelectronic office is an obvious example. In this, any desk in abusiness is likely to develop a computer. The computers will be networkedand have communications facilities.The work done in offices is usually* receipt,* processing,* storage,* sashayComputers and ICT systems ignore do these things more efficiently andfaster than manual systems.Businesses now advertise FAX numbers and email addresses prominently.This affects the number of letters sent by contribute but FAX and email clearnot completely replace the postal service as original, hard-copyletters are still needed for legal reasons.Products can be ordered on-line via the meshing and most businessesnow have their own website. Electronic Data Interchange is used tosend orders, pay invoices and shipping study generally.Employees are paid using electronic funds transfer.ICT AND MANUFACTURINGMany industries now use Com puter-Aided Manufacture (CAM), eg. cars aremanufactured by robot welders and samara sprayers, Benettonmanufactures array more quickly using CAD-CAM.The quality of computer-manufactured articles is more consistent andbetter, leading to greater productivity and reliability. Workingconditions are often cleaner and safer. there whitethorn be shorter workinghours but this could mean more reduncancies or redeployment. Skilledworkers have seen their skills made redundant by CAM.Companies must modernise to go along competative and feasible ifnon-viable then there may be even more job losses.Use of computers has created a range of new jobs* hardware manufacture,* sales,* servicing,* technical assist (call centres)* consultancy. impudent products manufactured payable to computers* mobile phones,* CDs and DVDs* videos* satellite receivers,* video cameras,* digital camerasICT AND COMMERCEThe number of banking transactions is now so huge they could not becarried push through without comp uters* electronic transfer of funds,* elctronic payroll* ATM transactions,* credit/debit card transactions* home banking.There is a movement towards the cashless society.Our obtain habits have changed due to ICT* digital TV shopping channels,* internet shopping.Supermarkets offer loyalty cards to encourage customers to shop attheir injects. All records are stored on computer and the store cangain useful demographic information. Computerised stock control usingbarcodes is used by many shops. Supermarkets have grown bigger at the disbursal of the corner shop.The use of phone cards has resulted in less theft from call boxes.profit shopping is increasing and lead to the growth of internet wholly companies, eg. ebay.com, and internet only banks, eg. cahoot.Security is a problem for companies and the system is open to creditcard fraud especially for services, eg. payment for asubscription-only service. Internet shopping has lead to companiesclosing their retail outlets and consequent lo ss of jobs, eg.ICT Systems and Business ICT EssaysICT Systems and BusinessUse of computers has brought profound change to business. Theelectronic office is an obvious example. In this, every desk in abusiness is likely to have a computer. The computers will be networkedand have communications facilities.The work done in offices is usually* receipt,* processing,* storage,* despatchComputers and ICT systems can do these things more efficiently andfaster than manual systems.Businesses now advertise FAX numbers and email addresses prominently.This affects the number of letters sent by post but FAX and emailcannot completely replace the postal service as original, hard-copyletters are still needed for legal reasons.Products can be ordered on-line via the internet and most businessesnow have their own website. Electronic Data Interchange is used tosend orders, pay invoices and transfer information generally.Employees are paid using electronic funds transfer.ICT AND MANUFACTURINGMany ind ustries now use Computer-Aided Manufacture (CAM), eg. cars aremanufactured by robot welders and paint sprayers, Benettonmanufactures clothes more quickly using CAD-CAM.The quality of computer-manufactured articles is more consistent andbetter, leading to greater productivity and reliability. Workingconditions are often cleaner and safer. There may be shorter workinghours but this could mean more reduncancies or redeployment. Skilledworkers have seen their skills made redundant by CAM.Companies must modernise to remain competative and viable ifnon-viable then there may be even more job losses.Use of computers has created a range of new jobs* hardware manufacture,* sales,* servicing,* technical support (call centres)* consultancy.New products manufactured due to computers* mobile phones,* CDs and DVDs* videos* satellite receivers,* video cameras,* digital camerasICT AND COMMERCEThe number of banking transactions is now so huge they could not becarried out without computers* electronic transfer of funds,* elctronic payroll* ATM transactions,* credit/debit card transactions* home banking.There is a movement towards the cashless society.Our shopping habits have changed due to ICT* digital TV shopping channels,* internet shopping.Supermarkets offer loyalty cards to encourage customers to shop attheir stores. All records are stored on computer and the store cangain useful demographic information. Computerised stock control usingbarcodes is used by many shops. Supermarkets have grown bigger at theexpense of the corner shop.The use of phone cards has resulted in less theft from call boxes.Internet shopping is increasing and lead to the growth of internetonly companies, eg. ebay.com, and internet only banks, eg. cahoot.Security is a problem for companies and the system is open to creditcard fraud especially for services, eg. payment for asubscription-only service. Internet shopping has lead to companiesclosing their retail outlets and consequent loss of jobs, eg.

Monday, May 27, 2019

Advertisements and other sources Essay

1/ To what extent do you take that someones are responsible for their protest weight (or in the case of children, parents or guardians)? I believe that individuals should be responsible for their own weight. It is true that advertisements and other sources of marketing influences people. However, such sources by no means force people to eat a bad-tempered product. It is people who ultimately choose what they are willing to buy and eat. In case of children, it should be the responsibility of parents and guardians to monitor their eating habits. A grown up adult, however, can take the responsibility of his own action. 2/ In your opinion, should the fodder and restaurant industries be held liable for the rise of obesity, or not? In my opinion, the food and restaurant industries should not be held liable for the rise of obesity. The reason is as I stated in question 1 the individuals are responsible for their own weight. That means if they feature obesity, they would be responsible for that themselves.No one forces them to eat, so that they eat foods they like with their own risk. 3/ If you were a manager for a libertine food chain or food company, what actions would you take with respect to obesity, if any? If I were a manager for a fast food chain or food company, possible actions I can take include offering healthy food options, fully disclosing the maintenanceal and caloric content of products to customers, and refraining from advertising enjoin at children. 4/ What do you think is the best solution to the obesity epidemic? what role can the food and restaurant industries, trial attorneys, government policymakers and regulators, and individual consumers play in a solution, if any? All four have a part to play in any solution.The food and restaurant exertion can support initiatives to develop and market healthy food options and to fully disclose the nutritional and caloric content of products to customers. Actions by trial attorneys can have a deterren t effect, prompting companies to take action to reduce their potential legal liability. Government regulatory agencies can provide information on nutrition and health to the public and can establish labeling and information disclosure rules. Another approach is for policymakers to adopt laws shielding producers and retailers of food from lawsuits by obese customersNutritio

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Alcohol and Energy Drinks- A literature review Essay

?In recent years, questioners have begun to focus attention on an emerging trend of consuming efficiency drink mixed with alcohol AmED. Consumption of AmED is thought to have a correlation with high-risk behavior and negative fixs on the consumer. Several research articles have examined the various facets of this practice. Some of the points of consideration that have been researched include the motivations behind consuming AmED, the effectuate of consuming AmED on alcohol consumption and the likelihood of loving in risk taking behaviors after consuming AmED comp ared to alcohol alone.This literature review will examine the following four articles in an attempt to seek this area of research. Energy drinks are beverages that boast the ability to provide the consumer with an increase in energy. Energy drinks frequently contain large amounts of caffeine. The upper daily recommended limits for an gravid in regards to caffeine is XXX. Levels of caffeine can be up to 300mg per servi ng. A 6oz coffee contains 100mg. The caffeine from energy drinks is known to have a stimulating effect on the nervous system. Many brands of energy drinks contain additional chemicals including plant-based stimulants (guarana and yerba mate).The effect of these on the body is not well understood as there has been teeny research. Simple sugars such as glucose and fructose are also found in some energy drinks. Other potential ingredients include glucronolacteone (a naturally occurring metabolite), amino acids (taurine, carnitine and creatine), herbs (Ginko Biloba and ginseng) and vitamins. In a research paper by Peacock and Bruno (2012a), patterns of use and motivations behind the consumption of AmED were examined. The focus of this investigation was to examine the motivation of participants to consume AmED done self-reporting techniques in the form of an online questionnaire.The sample of 400 participants aged 18-35 years who had reportly consumed AmED in the by 6 months. The res ults of the study indicated that 75% of participants used AmED for energetic purposes, 50% reporting use to extend their stay at a public venue, 60% claimed they were motivated by situational circumstances, such as mixed drinks containing ED, 40% reported sharing AmED with a companion, 20% used AmED to mask the flavor of alcohol, 50% of the sample reported using AmED to have more than fun and only 33% reported consumingAmED to get more drunk Peacock al et (2012a). In addition to taste and situational reasons, the participants in this study appeared to be motivated by functional and hedonistic outcomes. Only a small number of participants being motivated by the desire to increase the level of drunkenness or association similar effects to elicit drugs. A study conducted by OBrian, McCoy, Rohdes, Wagoner and Wolfson (2008), where by responses from 4,271were recorded via a web based survey.Participants who consumed AmED in the past 30 days reported consuming significantly more alcohol in a typical drinking session as well as reporting more drinking sessions than those who did not consume AmED OBrian et al. (2008). AmEd consumers also reported episodes of weekly drunkenness and among the sample who reported consuming AmED a hotshot drinking session consumed 36% more than students who didnt not report consumption of AmEd. The results of Peacock et al.(2012b) indicate that although risk taking behaviors occurred during sessions of consumption of both alcohol and risk taking behavior that occurred with AmED was statistically less than the risk taking behaviors that occurred in alcohol alone sessions. However consumption of AmEd did result in higher(prenominal) negative physiological and psychological outcomes than those reported from consuming alcohol. Verster, Aufricht and Alford (2012), conducted a review of articles of articles relating to the consumption of AmED.It was revealed through a critique of multiple correlational studies that there are currently wanti ng(p) properly controlled studies to draw any firm conclusions regarding the effects of AmED. Conclusions reached in their report were that only a minority of the student population once in a while consumes AmED Vester (2012). Research also suggested some evidence that AmED may result in an increase in some aspects of alcohol- induced performance impairment.There is no coherent evidence that alcohol alters perceived levels of intoxication, no evidence that consumption of ED causes an increase in alcohol consumption, no direct evidence exists to suggest that ED is linked to drug and alcohol dependence or abuse. A personality predisposed to higher levels of risk taking behavior may be the primary feather reason for increasing alcohol and drug abuse and that AmED may be a component of that lifestyle. The literature available relating to AmED consumption is insufficient.Presently there is an insufficient amount of evidence to link the consumption of AmED to an increase in risk taking behavior, increase in consumption of alcohol or negative effects on health. To understand the true effects of AmED further research is required. To draw more concrete conclusions about the effect of AmED there is a need for more complex and properly controlled clinical studies need to be undertaken. Research design needs to explore relationships with a within subject design whereby the relationship amid the ingestion of AmED and the consumption of alcohol is further explored and documented.

Saturday, May 25, 2019

The Pragmatic Education Philosophy

Pragmatism emerged from the writings of John Dewey who believed that experimentation was the best approach for educating young minds. For example, pragmatists feel that field trips, commandmental excursions etc atomic number 18 more effective in teaching students about the world instead of audio-visual aids. Pragmatism includes such as thoughts as futurism, and educational humanism and Reconstructionism. Pragmatic education philosophy doesnt assign a traditional share to the teachers who are only seen as guides and not exactly more knowledgeable beings.George R. Knight in his disc on education philosophies explained that pragmatism focuses on real life experiences as the main source of knowledge and education. They gives the example of field trips as he says that for a child to learn about dairy products, its better to take him to a barn and let him experience the whole issue himself instead of showing him a movie on the subject. (p. 75) Idealism is an important philosophy that gained greater influence over education in the 20th century and was not so fashionable prior to that.It has been present in the educational field for a long time emphasizing the reality of ideas, thoughts, and mind over material and matter. William E. Hocking who is a new-fangled thinker in this area maintained that due to emphasis on ideas this philosophy should have been called idea-ism instead of idealism. This is because idealism is more concerned with intrinsic value such as honesty, truth, courage etc while idealism in the case of education stresses the importance of ideas, thoughts and mind precisely.Educationists working on idealistic philosophies would concentrate more on the development of ideas instead of more physical things believing that this would lead to action automatically. Students are taught that they create or produce what they think and they are told to pass for perfection. Realism is more or less a reaction to idealism. This philosophy maintains that mater ial and physical world exists independent of ideas and thoughts. Whether we think about a band or not, it does exist.It will exist even if we dont think about it or have never had an idea of what a mountain is like. Realist educationists would want students to learn by their senses of smell, feel, and taste since they believe in the existence of the natural world. They also maintain that the best way is to learn through experiencing the physical world. Nature plays an important role here as educationist would prefer to teach through observation of natural order. The teachers with realistic bend of mind would want students to development judgment and ethical motive by experiencing and observing the world.Behavior psychology is also one of the important branches of study for realist educationists. Existentialism philosophy focuses on emotions more than the intellect. The person, his values, beliefs, ideals, and identity are of greater importance than his intellectual capacity and fo r this reason it views education in slightly negative light. This is because they feel that a student learning through traditional educational means would become nothing more than a pawn in capitalist world.To become a whole and healthy human being who has a unique personality and thinking capacity, it is important to allow the students to explore the world on their own. Existentialism is not a philosophy but a punctuate for several widely different revolts against traditional philosophy. Most of the living existentialists have repudiated this label, and a bewildered outsider might well conclude that the only thing they have in common is a marked aversion for each other. (Kaufmann 75)The teacher in this case would be seen as a facilitator instead of an sniffy figure. Existentialism supports the idea of allowing students all possible answers to a question instead of handing them down one answer as the only and final solution. Existentialism has something in common with pragmatism a s both advocate a curriculum based on individual needs instead of fixed theories and ideas.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

What is Big Data?

Its a platform managed under the Apache Software Foundation, and its an open source, and its deal with big information and give the result in very short time . It allows to work with structured and unstructured info arrays of dimension from 10 to 100 Gb and eventide more (V.Burunova)And its structer is a group of clusters or one , each of them contains groups of nodes too and each cluster has two type of node name node and data node name node is a unique node on cluster and it knows any(prenominal) data block location on cluster and info node is the remining node in cluster . and that have done by using a set of servers which called a cluster.Hadoop has two layers cooperate together , initiative layer is MapReduce and it task is divided data processing across triple servers and the second one is Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) and its task is storing data on multiple clusters and these data are separated as a set of blocks.Hadoop make sure the work is correct on cluster s and it can detect and retrieve any error or failure for one or more of connecting nodes and by this way Hadoop efforts increasing in core processing and storage size and postgraduate availability. Hadoop is usually used in a large cluster or a public cloud service such as Yahoo, Facebook, Twitter, and virago (Hadeer Mahmoud, 2018).Hadoops FeaturesScalableHadoop able to work with huge applications and it can run ,analyze, store, process, distribute large amount of data across thousands of nodes and servers which handle thousands terabytes of data or more, in like manner it can add additional nodes to clusters And these servers work parallel.Hadoop better than traditional relational database systems because (RDBMS) cant expand to deal with huge data..Single write Multiple read The data on cluster can be read from multiple source at the same time .Data avalibilitywhen data is sent to a Data node, that Hadoop creates multiple copies of data on other nodes in the cluster, to keep da ta available if there a failure on one of nodes on cluster.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Providing a Method to Learning

The universal conceptualisation of cut is a subject of many a poet and writer by with(predicate)out history. As such, each(prenominal) is relevant to their specific periods and their specific value systems. This can be seen in the text Sonnets from the Portuguese by Elizabeth Barret br protesting, where Browning explores a Romantic vision of love and romance through the abandonment of the Petrachan sonnet from. Likewise, the text The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, explores the turmoils of love in the 1920s a world obsessed with materialism and hedonism.Thus through the ways in which each author produces a narrative relevant to the values and scenes of their particular contemporaries we are able to discern how the theme of the transformative origin of love and spirituality continues to be avid topics of literature today. In Sonnet 1, Browning conveys the Romantic idea of love and spirituality against the prudish rationalism of the straightlaced era. Her Greco-allusion Ho w Theocractes had sung references the 3rd century BC Greek pastoral poet mourning the lost art of renaissance passion.The aural metaphor reflects how poetry as a craft, had been lost the past tense reinforcing that love as spiritual and not materialistic is neglected by Victorian culture. This is echoed in the lines of the sweet long time, the dear and wished for years, in which Browning utilizes assonance to accentuate the repetition of years rhymed in the line, through my tears to emphasize the Victorians shifting counseling of love to a convention of marriage that relies upon dowries and status.The enjambment, who by turns had flung / A shadow across me is a metaphor illustrating her isolation and sadness in this context the vocal shadow cast by Browning across her is a simulacrum of Victorian conservatism. Her subversion of the petrachan form is evident as the Volta is linked and the Iambic pentameter has been wiped out(p) conveying the challenge expressed by Browning towa rd the rationality of the Victorian mindset and her embrace of the Romantic idealism of love and spirituality, as Browning has progressed from a solipsistic interest in grief and isolation to an affirmation of love, firmly grounded in reality.In contrast F Scott Fitzgerald reflects the roaring 20s distillation of love into naive realism and materialism, forsaking traditional romanticisms such as spirituality and hope. Juxtaposed against the Victorian suppression of passion, the wildly liberalized and sexually expressive twenties are expressed by Fitzgerald to be detrimental to the development of love. Chatter laughter innuendomeetings between women who nalways knew each others names, in which notchs observations become anecdotes of accepted affectionate behaviour.Exemplars such as Jordan was going to yield him up her person sooner or later illustrates the same loss of the universal language of love that Browning laments for the Victorian, as hyper-sexualisation of relationships e rode spiritual values of love. This awkward inability to understand love for its own sake can be observed in Nicks indecisive tone I wasnt actually in love but I felt a sort of tender curiosity, and his mechanically skillful metaphor of his own emotions and passions, But I am full of interior rules that acts as breaks. The contextual idea that love and hope are no bimestrial associated with romantic relations is lastly compounded in his admission that I am one of the few honest people that I have ever known. Illustration that even stripped of pretence and lust, he is unable to interpret love as anything other than hedonism. Browning reflects her strict Victorian patriarchal context through her exploration of the transformative power of love. Sonnet 14 is a subversion of the petrachan sonnets conveying her assertive role in marriage.For these things in themselves, beloved, may/ be changed, or change Here the persona challenges the petrachan tradition, which confronts the traditiona l conventions of Victorian women through the instant I love her for her smileher lookher way of speaking gently , bothersome gender expectations of womanly behaviour. The repetitive juxtaposition in changed, or change, and the anadiplosis in love so wrought /May be unwrought so, highlights how easily love may come undone when it is based on transient qualities by literally attaching prefixes to devotional connotations. The imperative tone ofcommand delivered in neither love me for thine own pity wiping my cheeks dry. This paradox of neither suggests her rejection of the feminine role of women. Her dismissal of the ephemeral attractions of the physical is not only a rejection of Victorian female person stereotypes, but also a statement to the transformative power of true love. In comparison to Browning, F Scott Fitzgeralds The Great Gatsby explores the lack of the transformative power of love in prohibition America and the need for society to adopt moral values. The Jazz Age see women as sexual beings and mainstreamed the idea that repression was self-destructive.This sexual dismission is personified in Jordan Baker whose androgyny and lifestyle is summed up by her symbolic name as two automobiles. She is a dichotomy of the 20s, the freedom and destruction afforded by a period of rapid industrialization. Jordan is the antithesis to Browning, whose deliberate vocabulary seeks happiness within a restrictive setting she is instead careless, selfish, and immoral. Nick describes her self-serving pragmatism too wise to carry well forgotten dreams from age to age This indicates a lack of hope and spirituality in her philosophy of life, which is emphasized through the repetitive age.The foreboding tone created through the assonance in turned abruptly away and ran up the porch stairs illustrates her selfishness towards a Nick who cannot satisfy her own need for careless happiness. Thus Jordan embodies the egocentric love feared by Browning a love lacking all tra nsformative power and instead focuses solely on self-pleasure. Thus through the analysis of poetic and narrative techniques we are able to see how both authors are engaged by and through the worlds in which their narrative is produced as a result of their context and values.

What Make a Good Restaurant

This is the worse eatery I let ever been to () exclaimed Lily, a friend of mine, as we walked out of the restaurant that night. We only, undoubtedly, dedicate had a bad restaurant experience at least once in our lifetime. And if the judgment of the goodness or badness of a restaurant remains truly subjective, we can still unanimously find similarities, common criteria between good restaurants. Thus, what makes a good restaurant? A good restaurant first of all , serves fresh and tasty food.Secondly, it offers an exceptional redevelopment and finally, it provides a pleasant and agreeable dining ambience. Food is the first parameter of judgment of the quality of a restaurant. eating out means spending m 1y, and surely, we expect to get the most satisfaction possible as the saying goes we get what we pay for . Thus, we look forward to have tasty meals. And once again, tastes atomic number 18 unobjective a dish that I find undelicious might be succulent to my companion. However, w e are all expecting what we have on our plates to be fresh and made of good ingredients.As far as I am concerned, I have preferences to simple and traditional dishes authenticity and originality matter. An Italian restaurant that I used to work for previously is a good example of simplicity and originality we just offer olive oil, balsamic vinegar and Italian bread along with the salads as it is customary in ItalySome innovative restaurants would be tempted to present those Italian salads with new dressings, which could be non very bad, and that would definitely take away the originality And as we talk or so food, quantify is also an important aspect that needs to be considered.As we go into a restaurant, we anticipate a waiting time, yet this waiting should not be too long to the point that the customers lose their appetite. There should be an appropriate timing not only between entrees, meals and the dessert, but also before getting the bill from the waiter. And of course, th e pricing should be reasonable. In all, foods from a good restaurant are fresh and tasty, original and fairly priced. Another important parameter to be taken care of is service. Some customers become clients only because of the friendly and nice service offered by the restaurant.Likewise, others may stop coming to one restaurant just only because of a bad service. Thus, apart from the friendliness and politeness that we naturally expect, what else makes a service exceptional? Well, here again it is subjective some people like to be taken care of closely while others just extremity the waiter to take orders and go awayAnd having myself worked in a restaurant, I sensed that difficulty to find the right balance, because some customers may find me not attentive enough while for others I was too overwhelming.But eating out in other restaurants taught me more about appropriate attention I did not want to be asked, as a customer, every 5mn if everything was alright, but I did not want to wait for 30mn to get a refill for a drink or to ask somethingIn few words, the right service is the one which is friendly and nice, making the customers feel really welcomed in the place.It is also the one that is attentive enough to see if the customers are in need of something but not too overwhelming to the point that the customers cannot talk to each other because the waiter keeps interrupting their conversation or get involved in a long conversation with them. And the last parameter is the ambience that the restaurant offers. Some customers may make happy the food, the service but not its atmosphere. Since it contributes to the wellbeing of the customers, this third parameter has to be considered closely as well.Different things have to be looked up when talking about atmosphere. I would categorize them just in music and show. Music, which includes the ones played in the background or by an artist as in a cabaret, should have the appropriate volume loud enough to cover the co nversation of the next table but not too loud to prevent people from the resembling table to hear each other. Presentation includes the design (inside decoration) of the restaurant. It plays a role in the mood of the restaurant.Most of restaurants nowadays have thematic design for instance, the restaurant that I used to work for previously was centered on local arts. Since the promotion of local artists is the main objective, the restaurant exhibits paintings on the wall, and holds also painting posing once a week. That gave a certain enjoyment especially for people loving arts. But the way that tables are organized is a part of presentation as well they should be spaced enough to allow a better circulation, needless to say that cleanliness is very important.Surely, many other criterions can be taken into an account to affirm if a restaurant is a good one. We notice what good restaurant do so well when we experience the kindred things going wrong in a bad restaurantbut all things considered, one thing that can make a big remnant is the proprietor if he is passionate of food and hospitality, and not too much focused on only making fortune out of his business, the restaurant should be a good one. PLEASE HELP ME WITH THE CONCLUSION,

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Arguments against Euthanasia Essay

1) Applies to a very small number of situations, therefore unethical to make a doctrine based on this. Modern medicine can alleviate pain and suffering in al nearly all cases. Accepting euthanasia means accepting the fact that medicine is not move enough rather than looking at constructive solutions i.e. further advancements in medicine. 2) Signals giving up on a case, insult to determination and endeavor of the patient as well as the doctor, violation of Hippocrates execration 3) Value in suffering teach the community perseverance. The community testament c be for the patient and w tuberculous learn to go beyond its own set of autonomous goals. Show that human life has foster behind personal happiness and absence of pain. 4) Focus is to alleviate pain can be do through paink menacingers, euthanasia is unnecessary. 5) Life is a gift of God each human being has intrinsical value and cannot be treated as means to an end i.e. a painless death. Shows sick and modify as undesirable . 6) Thin line between euthanasia and wrap up-can be misused. Cost cutting for terminally ill people. 7) Mistaken diagnosis-may affect a persons life8) Making voluntary euthanasia judicial will lead to a domino effect make involuntary euthanasia legal, which is equivalent to murderIn June of 1990, Dr. Jack Kevorkian, a 63-year-old retired pathologist, was charged with first-degree murder after he helped an Oregon woman with Alzheimers disease commit suicide in June 1990. Kevorkian was also charged with helping two other women, Marjorie Wantz and Sherry milling machine to commit suicide. Miller was incapacitated by multiple sclerosis and Wantz suffered from a painful pelvic condition. neither condition was life threatening or terminal.Speaking to the National Press Club in 1992, Dr. Kevorkian defended himself by saying that a terminal illness was atomic number 53 that would curtail life by even one day and since all of his victims had terminal illnesses, therefore euthanasia was j ustified. He has also referred to old age as a terminal illness on multiple occasions.Euthanasia, or the right to die, is sought for those people who argon terminally ill. Terminally illhmmm, how would you define people who are terminally ill? (Pause) Well, the definitions may transform from person to person and that is where the problem arises. People like Dr. Kevorkian effortlessly misuse this phrase to include illnesses, which are not necessarily terminal in order to fulfill their own vested interests. Good morning everyone. The communicate on the floor today is Voluntary euthanasia should be legalized and we are going to speak against the motion. at that place is a very thin line between euthanasia and suicide or murder. In most cases, the two are no different from each other. People with non terminal or even small illnesses can misuse the legal sanction for euthanasia by using it to assist them with suicide. For a depressed, ill or elderly person, the emotional and psycholog ical pressures, arising out of the feeling that they are a burden on the family or their caretakers, could push a person towards euthanasia. Such people may look for an exit from their delinquency by approaching a doctor who is willing to help them, of course, for a handsome sum of money.

Monday, May 20, 2019

Private Versus Public Warehouse Essay

Nowadays, manufacturing and services firms face growing challenges to increase profit margins amidst more and more fiercer competition. Under such circumstances, industry analysts and supply strand experts suggest manufacturers and service providers to promote more sound supply and demand planning, caution, and execution as the means to unlocking significant gains in margins. According to Search CIO (2007), SCM refers to management of information, materials, and finances along a chain of process from suppliers to manufacturers and then from manufacturers to customers.The interests in the discussion of supply chain management occur since it relates to costs reduction in all aspects of business process especially regarding the instrument reduction that suggests manufacturer produce goods when needed. In this situation, the endurance of type of w behouses play significant role since it determines the SCM dodge for a company. In general, there are two types of warehouses private and populace warehouses. 2. Private storage warehouse By definition, private warehouse is type of warehouse that directly maintained and operated by the owner of products or goods that are stored in it.Meanwhile, the warehouse facility itself could be happened to be privately owned or leased (Seaboard Warehouse Terminals, 2004) 3. Public Warehouse The other type of warehouses is public warehouse. Unlike private warehousing, public warehousing provides greater efficiency for a company since one warehouse is designed to design multiple logistics. Figure 1 shows typical design for warehousing needs in which the selection of public and private warehousing depends on the needs. Figure 1 Warehouses Needs Classifications 4. Public Warehouse versus Private Warehouse ConsiderationLike outsourcing decision, the selection of type of warehousing that is suitable for a company. And according to comparison based on several factors, the public warehousing is considered beneficial than private wareh ouses as following 4. 1. Costs Reduction Public warehousing does non require a company to have dedicated human resources/personal to operate the warehouses facility The manipulation and storage fee is predictable the warehouse costs can be translated into the storage costs to book that would help marketing department to include this costs in the pricing scheme of the products

Sunday, May 19, 2019

“Endgame” by Samuel Beckett Essay

Finished, its finished, nearly finished, it must be nearly finished shred upon grain, oneness by one, and one day, suddenly, theres a cumulation, a little heap, the impossible heap. (p. 3) Here the endgame starts. In chess the endgame is defined as the stage of the game when tho few pieces ar left on the board. The same is with the Becketts play as there are only four people left. The endgame is a series of moves when the game is near the ending and its return is decided before the ceremony of the endgame occurs.Samuel Beckett is known to be a chess player and in the play the author compares the endgame with the end of life death as death is inevitable as the game always ends. We see that in the play the main characters are enacting repetitive rituals labeled as the part of their endgame. Despite inevitable outcome the main characters are dragging by dint of the final moves qualification their routines and they are doing whatever it takes to get through the day and to see th e next day. The characters try to get through despite their game is lost.The idea of chess game is put in accordance with fecal matters on the stage. The roughly vulnerable piece on the board is Hamm who utters Me to play. (p. 18) Hamm is perceived as the King and he seems to be the most powerful. Clov is protective character in the centre of the board and Hamm often relies on him. Therefore, Clov is presented as the cigarette and he is able to move easily. However, his erratic way of movement seems to be more suitable to the movement of the Knight. Nell and Nagg are insignificant characters and they are viewed as the Pawns they appear only when the King calls for them.One by one the main characters are dying and one by one the chess figures are leaving the board. null is eternal in the world and every game has its ending. The theme of chess play shows cyclical creation the play ends with a stalemate. The game will be played over and over again. plant life CitedAdorno, Theodo r W. Trying to Understand endgame 1961, The New German Critique, no. 26, (Spring-Summer 1982) pp. 119-150. In The Adorno Reader ed. Brian OConnor. Blackwell Publishers. 2000. Beckett, Samuel. Endgame and the Act Without Words. USA Groove Press, 1994.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

Linguistic Changes of an Individual in Migration Essay

As the world becomes increasingly globalised, we obdivine service a rising trend where individuals reincarnate for educational and economic opportunities. The prestige of world educated in a highly ranked university and the prospects of higher(prenominal) paying jobs argon definitely important pull factors for both(prenominal) sexual and international migration (Welch, 1970). When batch move, they overly send the expenditure of their existing linguistic repertoire to their host res publica. However, what might study been effective at home might be interpreted differently when placed in different socioeconomic settings. Hence, the relation place of linguistic repertoire unrivalled possesses and how mobile are hotshots talking to skills in the world determines how a migrator interacts with a new community.Consequently, this paper seeks to provide insight on how the carnal knowledge value of linguistic resources affects anes mobility and decisions in community inte ractions. Drawing on Blommaerts psychoanalyze on the sociolinguistics of globalisation, this discussion will focus on how an individuals linguistic repertoire is being used to ones advantage at heart the community. It also highlights the changes which occur when one attempts to transfer the identical linguistic repertoire as the shift to a place of varying ethnic and linguistic ability. As Blommaert suggests, placed resources are resources that are functional in one particular place but nooky become dysfunctional as soon as they are moved to other places (Blommaert, 2003). Essentially, this essay seeks to plump out on the changes of ones linguistic repertoire and how it affects ones interactions with new communities resulting from migration.Linguistic repertoire refers to linguistic varieties acquired by an individual to different degrees of proficiency and for different uses (Crystal, 1990). The acquisition of linguistic repertoire and so extends not only to the procurement of different types of speech codes like English and Hindoo, but also the spoken communication styles and genres indoors each run-in.In light of this definition, this paper chooses to trace how ones use of delivery repertoire might change in the context of internal migration and international migration. With this in mind, a migrant from India who experienced both types of migration was chosen. India boasts twenty-two official languages as per the Constitution of India, where English is determined as the substitute official language and is used as lingua franca throughout India. Within the context of this paper, the experiences of the migrant serve to provide personal insight on language mobility within the transmigrational arena.Research methodology and background of intervieweeWith this in mind, a fifty minute interview was carried out on 16th October 2012 to gather substantial info in order to provide a comparison betwixt internal and international migration. The sole play er is Joshua Cherian, aged 24 who is currently pursuing a postgraduate education in capital of capital of Singapore. He was born(p) and raised in Kerala, Southern India, after which he moved to Jamshedpur, Northern India to pursue a third education before working in New Delhi. He was taught English at a new-made age and learnt Hindi during university, while his mother tongue is Malayalam.During the interview, questions were asked ranging from the interviewees experiences of language acquisition and his experiences in India and Singapore to language policies in India. Utilising his personal insights on adapting to different communities and observing it through the concepts provided in Blommaerts study, the relative value of linguistic repertoire consequently becomes more obvious not only from country to country but also within different areas of the community.Language repertoire in internal migrationWithin India, it is utter to have a de-facto three plus minus one language policy. Those who neither speak the language of the state nor the two official languages, English and Hindi, now have to grapple with learning four languages in order to pass the school systems and secure jobs within the modern sector (Laitin. D, 1989). Consequently, some muckle who e emigrate in the pursuit of education or jobs find it necessary to expand their language repertoire in order to compete for the chance of upward socioeconomic mobility within India. Joshua notes thatThere is a divide between the corporate world and industrial world, where managers and people in multinational companies speak in english, but those in manufacturing speak Hindi in work. In the north of India everyone speaks Hindi, so I had to learn Hindi. When I worked in Delhi, I spoke mostly Hindi in my workplace, because I am a manager of labourers and those who meet passed tenth standard, they nevertheless need to make something so they dont need English. People who do software need to interact with clien ts overseas, so it is important for them to speak English.Due the demands of his job, Joshua was required to expand his language repertoire to include fluent Hindi in order to communicate with his subordinates effectively. Although English could have sufficed in interacting with white-collar professionals, learning Hindi would have enabled Joshua to ensure a smooth running of operations that he was in charge with. As such, it is observed that migrants tend to expand their language repertoire within internal migration according to which languages are most functional within their community.Furthermore, an expansion of linguistic repertoire also affects ones interaction the community. As immigrants acquire proficiency in more languages, in that respect is a aspiration to broaden their affair in various communities within the area that they have settled in. This is especially homely in Joshuas recountIn India you would have to know many languages in order to befit into different c ommunities. University students will use English because it is prestigious. It shows you are well educated. Outside of the education system, everyone speaks their own accent or their own state language. I used to hang out with many friends when I was poring over in Jamshedpur who came from all over India. I also managed to become my student governing bodys president, so speaking the many languages helped me reach out to a lot of people.Even though migrants who migrate within their home country experience a new environment, there are common cultural familiarities that they can relate to by being in the same country. Naturally, this allows them to assimilate into the communities easily since they already constituent alike(p) cultural and national identities. Rather, this pre-existing factor enables immigrants like Joshua to interact with different groups of people. Such a preference is also extremely beneficial to an individual within a new community as they are able to called upo n a large network of acquaintances should they need help in the future. Hence, the broadening of ones interaction with many communities would be positively correlated to the acquisition of language repertoire because both serve the same purpose of helping the migrant assimilate well into the new environment they are in.Language Repertoire in International MigrationIn contrast to internal migration, ones use of language repertoire might decrease across different geographical spaces. It is noted that international migration denotes a shift to a foreign culture in which the values placed upon certain languages is different from ones original country. As such, many migrants would utilise a language within their repertoire that is widely used in the world. Joshua relates his experience moving from India to SingaporeWhen I first arrived in Singapore, everything was easy for me to meet used to because I was already proficient in English. Even if I needed help, I could just approach anyon e and they would reply me in English. I dont even Hindi anymore because the friends and people I meet with speak only in English. Perhaps it is because there are so many races here so communication needs to be in a common language. Although I have friends from India here, they never speak in their mother tongue Everyone would rather speak in English than HindiDespite Joshuas extensive language repertoire, he only speaks in English in Singapore, thereby showing a decrease in language repertoire employed in daily life. In most cases of international migration, migrants often move from the periphery to the core of the world system. As one attempts to transfer ones language repertoire from one country to another, the languages employed more frequently within the core global system would be more mobile compared to other languages.In particular, because Singapore is a multi-racial community, it requires English as a lingua franca in order to achieve cohesiveness and efficiency. Consequent ly, rather than expanding ones linguistic repertoire to gain access to every community, a migrant in Singapore need only focus on speaking proficient English, which subsequently narrows his language repertoire within the host country.Parallel to ones decrease in language repertoire, it is observed that migrants narrow their employment to a few communities that they are comfortable with. While migrants who migrate internally tend to broaden their participation in a wide array of communities, people who migrate internationally prefer to focus their efforts in interacting with a particular community where they feel most comfortable with. Joshua, expresses that I like to be in a place where I can interact with people well. When I came to Singapore, everybody spoke Singlish. It was especially with child(p) for me to understand the jokes of my Singaporean friends. Thats why I wanted to be in a Christian group, so I went around to look for churches and even joined the varsity christian f ellowship. Then I base a church cell group to be in and we could talk about common things, at least everyone there understands what I am going through when I talk about my struggles and life. I dont meet with the Indian community much because everyone here speaks English anyway and I am more comfortable speaking in English, so when I talk about theology and faith, I dont get any puzzled looks when I am with church peopleFor most immigrants, being in a foreign community could be unsettling because there exists stark differences in culture that they might not understand. In Joshuas case, not being able to understand Singlish hindered his dynamic participation in various communities, especially in understanding humour within the sociocultural context of Singaporean society. As such, by participating in communities with specific shared beliefs that the migrant can key out with, it could be easier for him to assimilate into a new environment. Communities with shared beliefs also tend to share a similar use of register in their daily speech.Drawing on Joshuas case of finding a christian community, a christian setting could be more comfortable for him because he understands the semantics of words such as communion and faith used frequently in that community. Additionally, by narrowing ones participation to few communities, individuals would have more time to spend more effort on forge closer relationships within a particular communities. This in turn could be more beneficial to the migrant as this niche area of society provides a source of emotional support for the migrant in order to cope with the anxiety of being away from home.ConclusionWhat Joshua has experienced demonstrates the constant change of the value of language resources as he shifts between places in migration. This relative value of ones linguistic resources is mostly due to cultural and socioeconomic factors that have shaped the community to place emphasis on certain languages and speech styles. As such, an immigrants increase or decrease language repertoire is largely affected by the placed importance of certain languages within their host communities.In conclusion, this paper has asserts that language mobility is profoundly affected by the changing values of linguistic resources which vary from place to place, especially when there is a shift of resources from the periphery to the core of the world system. Whether one participates in a wide be of communities or chooses to focus their efforts in a single community depends on a change in ones use of his language repertoire.References0. Blommaert, J. (2003). Commentary A Sociolinguistics of Globalization. Journal of Sociolinguistics 7/4, 2003 607-6230. Crystal, D. (1990). A liturgical Language in a SociolinguisticPerspective. In D. & R.C.D. Jasper (eds),Language and the worship of the church (Basingstoke Macmillan), 120-460. Laitin D. D. (1989). Language Policy and governmental Strategy in India. Policy Sciences, Vol. 22, No. 3/4, Policymaking in Developing Countries (1989), pp. 415-4360. Welch F. (1970). Education in achievement, Journal of Political Economy, 78 (1), January/February, 35-59

Friday, May 17, 2019

American CEO Compensation is Immoral

Substantial evidence learns that Ameri back tooth chief administrator officers ar better rewarded than their counterparts in European countries, and that this trend has been on a rapid upward harvest-festival starting from the last thirty categorys and only slowing down during spheric economic recessions. As expected this trend has heaven considerable argumentations, with a lot of questions posed astir(predicate) what structures do American companies usually keep back when commissioning lots(prenominal) abnormal pay hikes and whether such structures be ethically and affairally aloneified.For instance, it can be loudly wondered whether the American chief decision maker officers deserve these highschool payments more(prenominal) than some other chief executive officers elsewhere in the world. It can too be wondered whether they contain more responsibilities than their counterparts in Europe and other continents alike. Well, the answers to these questions whitetho rn draw all sorts of answers to the affirmative and/or otherwise.For purposes of this paper it is hypothesized that, the abnormally huge allowance sh atomic number 18s granted to American CEOs in the puddle of salaries, bonuses, stocks, options, or even shapeination packages is not deterrent examplely justified spreadn that most workers in America be pipe down struggling with the agony caused by unemployment, ineffective social welf atomic number 18 establishments, and change magnitude woos of living. In tackling this patently cranky issue, efforts bequeath be collapse to represent both sides of the argument in equal measures and then finally a final verdict will be made in support of the study hypothesis.Theoretical Framework Rogerian Argument Himself a psychologist, Carl Rogers advances a rational kind of court especially when sensitive affaires are at stake. He opines that a source should first of all recognise strive to represent his readers perspectives in his writings using the most neutral words there can be. He should in addition do the same when advancing his bandstand on an issue, particularly if such standpoint is not good upstarts to his readership.His advices are that a writer should not adopt an adversarial approach in presenting arguments quite he should adopt a seemingly neutral ground that will help to sort sympathy and the desire to read more on the part of the audience. In fact, he reasons that a writer should not make a generalization as what his readership should believe of do, rather he should together with his readership scrape to finding and defending a neutral ground that will enable the readership to make their own individual(prenominal) decisions based on the fairly and factually resented issue.Using this practical method of argument this paper will try on to present the sensitive issue of executive remuneration by delineating the issue in operational equipment casualty agreeing on incorruptity of cha nge magnitude CEO compensation packages refuting the righteousity of the same offering examples why increased CEO compensation packages is not morally justified, and proposing a neutral compromise that pits the two positions equally unobjectionable to the audience. Research Problem Is it morally justified to pay CEOs huge salaries while other employees are poorly rewarded?This paper intends to carry out an intensive study to investigate whether the evidential abnormal American CEO Compensation packages are morally justified. To achieve this, a run for of existing literature on grocery store modalities g overning employee compensation vis-a-vis ethical structures will be revisited. The literature collected thereof will be analyzed and systematically presented using the five principles of communication as advanced by Carl Rogers with stare of advancing an opposition verdict.There is a general consensus that teachers are underpaid and their professions are under respected. Now wh at if I told you that presidents of colleges make a lot of money? And that they have been make more money since the recession even though campuses at banging have lost classes and fees have been increased for students. Do you feel that the presidents for scholastic institutions should still get paid so highly? Well, it all boils down to the general perspective held by an individual. intimately European countries believe in a more socialistic approach to president/CEO/executive pay.Their salaries represent a level of pithment and achievement that can be justified as existenceness equal to their counter parts below them. Here in America, since the recession galore(postnominal) Americans have been scribble their heads in wonderment as to why CEOs of companies such as CountryWide, BofA, and Goldman have been pulling in such large amounts compared to the rest of the workers. Brian Foley mentioned that m each American CEOs make more money in one year than the median salaried worke r makes in lifetime. Is this an injustice? Our European corporate counterparts see it as such.However m both European companies move their base to America to reap the same rewards that American CEOs get, so what part of making such high pay makes it right? As a student and an intern at a finance company I feel that the corporate pyramid represents more of a stairway to heaven. I wonder what part of life, morality, and injustice to my coworkers must I face to reap the future rewards of possibly being a partner or whitethornbe more? Should I work for the money as many Americans do instead of our European counterparts who work for contentment and the ability to provide security to their employees and others?With the on enured of the recession American corporate pay structure has not only been heavily scrutinized by those who are not in the pop off of that structure, but has also been shunned upon by many other CEOs and Presidents all over the world. Greedy for money, unjustly leaning towards the welfare of Top executives, immoral for people who are unemployed because a CEO is unwilling to hire new members to keep his salary as high as realistic these are the ideas that resonate in newspapers.Although after being an intern at KKR Capital for one and fractional years and getting paid at 25 an hour, my sentiments are starting to be different. Background education There is no doubt on the authenticity of the generalization that, CEOs in American corporations (profit and not-for-profit alike) are rewarded handsomely compared to what their counterparts in other countries particularly those in Europe earn. Consequently, significant debate on this seemingly sensitive issue has ensued among policy makers and pundits alike within and beyond the US borders.Tellingly, some of these loud voices in reference as well as those in opposition have got some elements of sanity in them. aft(prenominal) all, common consciousness as well as sound work ethics holds that employee compensation packages should be pegged against performance meters. In their investigation on the patterns of executive compensation among S&P 500, Mid-Cap 400 and small capital 600 companies in the midst of the period commencing 1993 to 2003, Bebchuk and Grenstein found out that indeed there has been a tremendous increase in requital packages for CEOs and crystalize executives across major organizations in the United States (2).Their findings pointed out to a whopping opine compensation increment of 146 percent for CEOs in the S&P 500 category, the mean compensation for top-five executives also grew by a 125 percent margin from $9. 5 to $21. 4 for the same category. An increase from the $3. 7 billion enter in 1993 to $9. 1 million recorded in 2003. Similar upward trend was also notice in the Mid-Cap 400 and Small-Cap 600 company categories.A comparison of the mean compensation increase between CEOs and the top-five executives indicated that CEOs were higher(prenominal) in 20 03 when compared to 1993, an indicator that indeed CEOs compensation packages has grown over the years (2-3). Faulkender et al argue that CEO compensation in majority of the leading US organizations has soared to reach higher levels courtesy of an explosion in stock option grants and flawed governance mechanisms in the pay-setting process (110). Precisely, their data shows that the mean CEO remuneration package for S&P 500 corporations grew significantly from a low of $850,000 to $14 million between 1970 and 2000.For unexplainable reasons the growth dropped in 2002to $9. 4 million only to gain urge again to bam the high of $13. 5 million between 2005 and 2007 (110). Again, it dropped in 2008 to $10. 5 due to the biting effects of the global economic crunch. See appendices 2 for amore details There is a huge discrepancy between CEO salaries and those of other employees. Trends show that the discrepancy has been on an increase starting from the last thirty years and only slightly di pping on few occasions due to the effects of unfavorable economic developments.As a matter of fact, unusually high salary packages have been ditched even on controversial circumstances to executives embroiled in management squabbles. In mind is the notable $210 million that was given to HomeDepot departing executive, Robert Nardelli and the $187. 5 million given to NYSE departing executive Richard Grasso. In the list of the most controversial compensation packages issued to an executive is the former Tyco CEO, Dennis Kozlowski who was given a dispatch package of $5.1million worth of shares in the company and other shares from a subsidiary company worthy $81 million despite him being not cleared from fraudulent charges brought against his manner of management while serving as the company CEO (Faulkender et al). Morality in American CEO Compensation Kaplan (2009) argues that, the considerablely held notion that CEO compensation packages are abnormally high is nowhere near the truth, and that CEO compensation packages do not contribute to fiscal crises.He offers what seems like a set of well researched and analyzed data showing that CEOs are actually underpaid particularly when their compensation packages are juxtaposed against those of hedge fund managers, investment bankers, private paleness investors, money managers, and lawyers. In fact, in 2007 S&P 500 CEOs earned relatively low salaries compared with what top hedge fund managers took home. In his well broken down analysis, he offers that the salary scales of other employee groups just as that of the CEOs has grown considerably since 1990s.Analytically, this is an indicator that CEOs are not riding on an abnormal or even unethical reward wave. Contrary to other studies on CEO compensation trends among American corporations, Kaplan compact research findings show that CEO salaries among major US S&P 500 companies only gained momentum in 2000and that since then the mean and median CEO compensation indexes has been on a stagnant as unlike to a growing trend. Even so, in what seems as a concurrence with other studies on the American CEOs compensation matter, Kaplan agrees that since 2008 the trend has been on a decline trend.Moreover, as opposed to the gross income trends entered in the prior decade, CEOs only made a small portion, three percent of the number of Americans making the top 0. 1 percent gross income in the 2004- 2005finacial year. That the S&P 500 CEOs only managed to account for about 0. 60 percent of the total income for Americans making the top 0. 1 percent gross income in 2006 as compared to 1. 2 percent registered in 2001, with indicators showing a likely diminishing trend in the future. harmonize to Bebchuk, Fried and Walker any rational human being including CEOs may be tempted to enrich themselves if given an opportunity to do so.They argue that, When changing circumstances create an opportunity to extract additional rents either by changing outrage costs and con straints or by giving rise to a new means of camouflagemanagers will seek to take full advantage of it and will push firms toward an equipoise in which they can do so(cited in Gabaix and Landier 53). A case atypical to this prayer is the popular use of the stock option packages by CEOs to increase their benefits without undergoing the agony of facing shareholders vetting and/or wraths.Moreover, the behavior of the visiting card members also gives CEOs a leeway to sneak in high incentives for their positions. Incomplete or ill-informed board members may fail in their duties to vet any salary increases on the part of the CEOs giving them a wide operating space. Some board members may also be lacking the necessityed powers to question CEOs compensation decisions this is a case common in corporations with very powerful CEOs who tend to manage the board. There is no direct link between financial crisis and high executive compensation.Though it is obvious that high remuneration packa ges may play a significant role in financial crisis engulfing companies such as the one witnessed in 2008, other more directly linked and more powerful factors are responsible. In mind is the weird banking regulation that leaves too much space for financial institutions to give out unsecured credit facilities as well as the great leeway on the part of such banking institutions that accords them an opportunity to double as hedge funds.By fair terms these two factors are the ones to blame and not the hiked executive salaries given that the financial crisis was chiefly caused by high rates loan and mortgage defaulting. As a matter of fact, Faulkender et al (116) argue that executive compensation forms a very small chunk of the many causal factors of the of late ended financial crisis and that it cannot be blamed for all the woes engulfing the American banking industry. According to Grundfest executives of banks experiencing financial crises cannot be held accountable for causing the crises.In fact, he boldly offers the executives incentives cannot be blamed for financial crisis that hit the banking sector in 2008. This he defends by offering that the executives always give their beaver when it comes to managing their organizations and that they formulate strategies that are based to the best of their acquaintance and experience Sure, they were miserably wrong, but they didnt know they were making a huge mistake that would cost them, their shareholders and taxpayers a huge fortune (1).He defend this argument by reminding his readership that even the executives lost their investments in the form of stock they held in the banks. That the executives are also shareholders of the organizations they head, it is an indicator that they do not their own interests but that of the shareholders and that any eventuality of a great financial crisis is just normal in that it is not triggered by any commission or omission on the part of the executives (1).The high CEOs compen sation packages among American public corporations are ethically justified. The competitive nature of the domestic market economy between privately owned justice firms and public corporations where private organizations offer very competitive pay packages to woe top executive with prove performance track records. A case atypical to this argument is depicted by the mass hejira of top executives from public corporations to Wall Street based private equity corporations where they offer a range of executive advisory services (Kaplan 1).American CEO Compensation Immoral Is American CEO Compensation moral? I believe that it is immoral because compared to that of European CEOs, American CEOs get paid so highly and with the intrusion of the recession, this has been highly scrutinized. It is argued that executives who by capitalizing on the seemingly lax regulations on the compensation modalities go ahead and obtain abnormal bonuses for themselves are result-oriented as opposed to rule-o riented.Lundberg and Montell proves this postulation by asserting that the growing trend on the part of executives to reward themselves with hefty salaries is occasioned by the market systems, particularly those based on commission radical or the popular performance-based remuneration. Analyzing a number of similar trends they argue that the performance-based salary perks erode the moral content among executives to the extent that they fail to link their actions as unethical but economically justified, given the huge loot they help make for the companies they head (2).Financial incentives are responsible for attracting all manner of personnel some of whom are only driven by the desire to reap from the huge legitimate benefits and if possible to use the seemingly ambiguous employee compensation regulations to achieve this in a quicker manner (Schwab 1). As a matter of fact, it has been argued that incentivized compensation packages are usually complex especially if large production processes are involved so that it becomes difficult in determining the what, how much, who, and when of production units awarded to individual employees.Such complex scenarios may tempt executives to overstep their powers and whence increase their salaries. Moreover, though the performance-based compensation scheme is buoyed by the notion that highly rewarded employees perform better this is may not be the case in all situations especially if some of section of the employees is rewarded handsomely at the expense of others.Paying executives too much money is tantamount to immorally siphoning a large chunk of the boilers suit profits that an organization makes and spending it on one individual instead of doing so on the large number of the shareholders who are in real sense the owners of such organization. This trend which has been witnessed in many financial institutions in the US has resulted in immense suffering on the part of the shareholders. It can be argued that these suffer ings are threefold (Murali 1)First, from the poor decisions taken at the expense of the long-term viability of the company second, through the payouts of excessive benefits for modal(a) or poor performance and third for the costs and settlements of any ensuing lawsuits, which were paid by the companies involved. almost importantly, these skewed compensation packages do not subscribe to any conventional capitalism rules. This is because it flouts the tenets of performance-based reward system as it does not make sense that American CEOs are the only tireless executives in the upstanding world.As Murali summarizes it, There is no way that the job of CEOs in the US has become 20 times more difficult than it was in Alfred Sloans day or 10 times more difficult than it was in the 1970s, and yet the packages suggest precisely that (1). There is no doubt that the American government does not give much attention to executive compensation practices employed by major corporations operating the US. This has given much room to large financial institutions to engage in unprecedented reward systems that enrich top executives at the expense of the other cadres of employees and the shareholders.Such, reward system is not only selfish and immoral but it also highlights on the bred of CEOs running large corporations as persons out to perpetuate their own agendas rather than that f the shareholders. mitigation Measures It is true that in approaching the American CEOs compensation issue a lot of care and waterlessness should be used. This is because there are both light and dark sides on the issue. The most certain radical to the issue seems to be legislation of strict regulations that will put limits to the amount of bonuses executives can award themselves.However, this need not be as plain as it is said otherwise it will not be accepted by the majority. Americans needs fundamental economic legislations that will address a wide part of the puzzle including making the cost of living more affordable for the common American so as to mitigate the biting effect of economic of future economic crunches. Such legislations will ensure that the executive compensation packages are also fixed in accordance with the prevailing economic trends as opposed to the individual performance of a company.In regard to their result-oriented and rule-oriented analogy, Lundberg and Montell offer that result-oriented executives are most likely to disregard the moral fabric when compared to their rule-oriented counterparts. In this regard they opine that the performance-based incentive programs are a recipe for moral abjection on matters of employee compensation and that they only succeed in creating result-driven executives and not rule-conscious ones (Lundberg and Montell 2).It can therefore, be asserted that even in the presence of rules that fix executive compensation limits, there can never be a convincing assurance that the problem of abnormal compensation can be fully a ddressed given that, the inherent failure on the part of the result-driven executives to acknowledge the element of morality in following or even breaking the set rules. Again, the bonus pegged market structure where both short and long term bonus targets are included as part of competitive reward system to motivate hardworking employees, and to attract and retain talented employees only serves as a catalyst for breach of such rules (2-3).This postulation is supported by Schwab (1) when he says While regulation is important for the future of the global economy, rules alone are not sufficient. The economy is not an in reliant or self-contained realm the crisis has shown that the economy has to serve society. We have to be careful that the measures taken to curtail the crisis will not damage the power of innovation in the real economy. In mitigation it is hereby advanced that the realm of management should not be commoditized, rather it should be handled as a profession.This postulati on is advised by the conventional wisdom that a profession just like a society is governed by ground rules and not monetary incentives. Such a scenario will accord all cadres of employees an opportunity to reap from the fruits of their labor in proportionate measures irrespective of their post in the organizational ladder. Most importantly, this will create an unspoken social contract of trust to other members of society (Lundberg and Montell 4). This postulation draws its impetus from similar sentiments shared by Schwab (1) when he generously offers thatWhen I had functioning a few years ago, I knew very well that my future quality of life would be dependent to a large extent on the qualifications of the surgeon. This is why I sought an expert who was the best in his profession. I naturally assumed that I was in the hands of a doctor who could apply his most professional skills without claiming that he would like to have a share of my future income since, of course, this would b e dependent on his knowhow in addition to his remuneration.In this regard Reynolds offers that organizations should foster efforts toward the improvement of personal qualities such as educational qualification, work experience, as well, the propensity to embrace change. He argues that such efforts are capable of instilling the sense of morality among employees (241). Work Cited Bebchuk, Lucian and Yaniv Grinstein. The Growth of Executive Pay. Discussion Paper No. 51004/2005, Harvard Law School Cambridge, MA 02138, (2005). Faulkender, Michael, Dalida Kadyrzhanova, N.Prabhala, and Lemma Senbet. Executive Compensation An overview of research on corporate practices and proposed reforms. Applied Corporate Finance, 22. 1. (2010). Co Gabaix, Xavier and Augustin Landier. wherefore Has CEO Pay Increased So Much? The Quarterly Journal of political economy, February 2008. Grundfest, Joseph. Whats Needed is preposterous Wisdom, New York Times online, October 6, 2009. Kaplan, Steve. (Good) CE Os Are Underpaid, Harvard Business Review, Harvard Business School Publishing, June 15, 2009.Lundberg, Viktor and Christofer Montell. The effects of incentive compensation on moral awareness An explorative study. Master Thesis in Management Accounting, University of Gothenburg, School of Business, Economics and Law, 2010. Merchant, Kenneth, A. , and Wim A. Van der Stede. Management control systems Performance measurement, evaluation and incentives. Essex Pearson Education Limited. Murali, D. Pay should reinforce right olfactory sensation at the top.July 8, 2010, accessed July 22, 2010, from http//www. thehindu. com/ Reynolds, Scott. Moral awareness and ethical predispositions investigating the role of individual differences in the recognition of moral values. Journal of Applied Psychology 91. 1 (2006) 233243. Schwab, Klaus. Financial crisis is a chance for positive change. Times Online, Publ. 081104. Accessed on July 22, 2010, from http//business. timesonline. co. uk/tol/busines/ma nagement/article5076011. ece/

Thursday, May 16, 2019

United Nations Climate Change Conference 2009 Assignment

fall in Nations climate Change Conference 2009 - Assignment ExampleThe policies take the objective to prevent against the dangerous consequences, which argon leading to climatic changes. Climate treaty was made in 1997 addressing the harmful effects of the carbon paper venting in the climate, which is known as the Kyoto Protocol (Vidal et al., 2009). The treaty was however unapproved by the major economic countries including the united States. It helped the developed countries but the developing countries were not at all happy with the treaty. The developing countries homogeneous mainland China and India also opposed to this treaty as 50% reduction in emission will clangoring their economy. The nations looked forward for an agreement which will help them to develop their economy and also prevent the harmful effects of emission (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009). The United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Copenhagen, Denmark from 7th cel estial latitude to 19th December, 2009. It was the collection which included 15th Conference of the Parties (COP 15) to United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNCCC) and the fifth meeting to the Kyoto Protocol. It is basically the continuation of Kyoto Protocol. It marked the conclusion of the two years negotiating process, which intensify the international climate change collaboration between the countries. More than 115 world leaders go to the multitude along with 40,000 people who atomic number 18 the advisors or the governmental or the non-governmental organizations (International Institute for Sustainable Development, 2009). The conference took place with the aim of addressing the adverse effects of the climatic change that is taking place with the emission of the carbon and green house gases. The developing countries hoped that the Copenhagen Conference will make a fair deal for them by settling the issue of the dangerous climatic changes. save the confer ence went through a lot of controversies for a week as the developing countries like China and India pointed out that the conference has not been transparent to them. handle of decisions was made prior to the summit and that news infuriated China. The leakage of the news that European Union has concord to cut down carbon emission about 50% along with other developed countries. They have completed industrialization so they can afford to cut the emission to that extent. But the developing countries like China, India, etc cannot afford to reduce the emission to that extent because that will bring an end to their economic development. China in alliance with India said that the Copenhagen Conference was held only to make a show off by the European Nations after Kyoto Protocol was opposed by all the developing countries. They even pointed out the fact that the conference aimed at creating a pressure on the developing countries as all the decisions are made forward the conference only. United Kingdom (UK) which is the member state of European Union had experienced increase in the carbon emission till 1990 basically due to the extensive manufacture of the short term consumer goods. But with the initiation of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, the government of UK was forced to reduce the emission by 50%. As UK has been a developed country it did not face that much problem in reducing to that extent. In 2009, when the Copenhagen Conference was held they have their own set of mission and vision before coming to the conference which are given below (Anup, 2009). a) Mission of United Kingdom

Wednesday, May 15, 2019

With Reference to Best Practice from Your Experience, Explore How Essay

With Reference to Best act from Your Experience, Explore How Social Networking (And Particular of Facebook and Twitter) Can Be Used For Tourism Marketing - Essay characterWith an overall viewpoint, companionable networking can be regarded as the grouping of people. It may take place done a face to face communication, but when termed to be as online the communication takes place through social directs, i.e. the websites used for social networking such as the Facebook, Twitter, Bebo, and so on most commonly known as the Web 2.0 (Social Networking, 2010). Online social networking has somewhat the same characteristics as the face to face communication, although with a different mechanism and a higher value in the modern perspective. Evidently online social networking is gaining increasing importance in the modernisation of the business world. Organisations today, in the modern realistic world atomic number 18 tending more towards the comprehension of online social media in their adapted marketing strategies. It is mostly due to the fact that online social networks reward the individuals with an go to build up relationships with other persons having a common interest in monetary value of preferences and perceptions. Moreover, the barriers in terms of age group, geographical dimensions, economic status and other variables also have a negative electric shock while opting for social networking as a marketing tool. ... To face these challenges the utilisation of social networking again proves to be beneficial for the tourism groups (Middleton & Et. Al., 2009). This paper thus focuses on two main questions, i.e. how can the social networking be used to promote a tourism company and what are the pros and cons of this process. Hence, the further discussion of the paper shall be concentrated on the features of two most used social networks, i.e. Facebook and Twitter. Facebook and Twitter as Social Media currently there are numerous social networking sites used b y different organisations to promote their business. Few of them are Twitter, Flicr, Facebook, Youtube, Google, Yahoo, Hotmail, Orkut and many others. But among them the most targeted social sites are the Facebook and the Twitter. The impact of these social networks can be patently witnessed all around the world. Facebook This social site was created by Mark Zuckerberg, Dustin Moskocovitz and Chris Hughes in the year 2004. Initially the site was started to be used only by Harvard students. But after recognising the actual potential of the site it was expand for the inclusion of high school students, business groups and other internet users by 2008. Presently the site is class-conscious as one of the most visited social network sites. During 2008, the company had a base of around 67 one million million million active visitors all around the world. And in the current scenario the site has more than 500 million regular visitors. This is indeed a remarkable achievement of the site. T he basic features of Facebook similar to other social sites allow the users to enter their personal information along with e-mail, phone number and